=== Base Template !BeginningEndOfIndividual === [[br]]This is a template for stating start and end times of existence. [[br]]!BeginningEndOfIndividual(a, b, c) means that a is an individual and b and c are points in time, and that a begins to exist at b and ceases to exist at c. [[br]] [[br]]Roles: [[br]]1 hasIndividual !PossibleIndividual [[br]]2 hasStartTime !RepresentationOfGregorianDateAndUtcTime [[br]]3 hasEndTime !RepresentationOfGregorianDateAndUtcTime Axiom: {{{ BeginningEndOfIndividual(x1, x2, x3) <-> PossibleIndividual(x1) & RepresentationOfGregorianDateAndUtcTime(x2) & RepresentationOfGregorianDateAndUtcTime(x3) & exists u(PointInTime(u) & BeginningTemplate(u, x1) & ClassOfRepresentationOfThingTemplate(x2, u)) & exists u(PointInTime(u) & EndTemplate(u, x1) & ClassOfRepresentationOfThingTemplate(x3, u)) . }}} EXAMPLE The statement !BeginningEndOfIndividual(Survey # 23, 2009–10–19 , 2009–10–21) Note that no designation for the !PointInTime instances is defined.